Niobium

Document v1 · published by Koskamo · updated 2026-10-04

Niobium (Nb) is chemical element 41, a transition metal in group 5, period 5 (PubChem).

Atomic number: 41
Symbol: Nb
Group: 5
Period: 5
Atomic mass: 92.90637 u
Electron configuration: [Kr]5s1 4d4
Electronegativity (Pauling scale): 1.6
Atomic radius (van der Waals): 207 pm
Ionization energy: 6.759 eV
Electron affinity: 0.893 eV
Oxidation states: +5, +3
Standard state: Solid
Melting point: 2750 K
Boiling point: 5017 K
Density: 8.57 g/cm³
Chemical group: Transition metal
Year discovered: 1801

Source and provenance

Original source: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Published on Koskamo by: Koskamo
Citation version: Document v1
Reuse: PubChem periodic table data (NIH/NLM, pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ptable); group and period from Jefferson Lab via PubChem

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Version history

Published by Koskamo2026-10-04
Version 1