Gold

Document v1 · published by Koskamo · updated 2026-10-04

Gold (Au) is chemical element 79, a transition metal in group 11, period 6 (PubChem).

Atomic number: 79
Symbol: Au
Group: 11
Period: 6
Atomic mass: 196.96657 u
Electron configuration: [Xe]6s1 4f14 5d10
Electronegativity (Pauling scale): 2.54
Atomic radius (van der Waals): 166 pm
Ionization energy: 9.226 eV
Electron affinity: 2.309 eV
Oxidation states: +3, +1
Standard state: Solid
Melting point: 1337.33 K
Boiling point: 3129 K
Density: 19.282 g/cm³
Chemical group: Transition metal
Year discovered: Ancient

Source and provenance

Original source: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Published on Koskamo by: Koskamo
Citation version: Document v1
Reuse: PubChem periodic table data (NIH/NLM, pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ptable); group and period from Jefferson Lab via PubChem

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Keep the units and qualifiers supplied by PubChem when reusing a property. An omitted property is not a zero value. Follow the element’s source link for its full context.

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Version history

Published by Koskamo2026-10-04
Version 1